HIV-associated Burkitt’s lymphoma with multiple cranial neuropathies as the initial manifestation. Case report

Ángel Escamilla-Ramírez, Neuro-Oncology Service, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié salpêtrière, Paris, France
Daniel A. Martínez-Piña, Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
Jossy N. Vargas-Rodríguez, Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
Lorena Yépez-Rodríguez, Department of Psychiatry, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
Mitzi G. Márquez-Vargas, Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
José Flores-Rivera, Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
Bernardo Cacho-Díaz, Department of Neuro-Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement as an initial manifestation in patients with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is infrequent, and early cranial nerve involvement is an even rarer presentation. In immunocompromised individuals, BL typically exhibits extranodal behavior, with initial clinical manifestations often linked to specific sites of involvement. The suspected diagnosis of lymphoma is often a challenge for the neurologist. However, it should be considered early in the differential diagnosis of patients with CNS abnormalities associated with a lymphoproliferative syndrome. This consideration is essential to enable timely intervention and optimize patient outcomes.

Keywords: Burkitt�??s lymphoma. Central nervous system lymphoma. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated lymphoma. Multiple cranial neuropathies. Cauda equina syndrome.